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Saturday, April 27, 2024

Top 12 influential ConDev research projects

Highlighted Research

Since its establishment in 2012, the Program on Conflict and Development (ConDev) has advanced numerous research studies through the Strategic Analytics Laboratory (SAL). This research has helped to further ConDev's mission of using science and technology to improve the effectiveness of development programs and policies for conflict-affected and fragile countries. Abstracts of ConDev's most influential research projects are included below. Please visit our publications page for a complete list of all previous research. For more information about ConDev's past or current research, contact our Director, Dr. Edwin Price, or Associate Director, Dr. Shahriar Kibriya.

Project Descriptions

A Causal Exploration of Conflict Events and Commodity Prices in Sudan

Innovation: Understanding and discovering causal relationship between commodity prices and conflict.

Key Learning: Imported/donated commodities may cause conflict in developing nations.

Though recent literature uncovers linkages between commodity prices and conflict, the causal direction of the relationship remains ambiguous. We attempted to contribute in this strand of research by studying the dynamic relationship of commodity prices and the onsets of two civil wars in Sudan. Applying Structure Vector Autoregression (SVAR) and Linear Non-Gaussian Acyclic Model (LiNGAM), we find that wheat price is a cause of conflict events in Sudan. We find no feedback from conflict to commodity prices. This paper was published in the Journal of Policy Modeling.

On Forecasting Conflict in Sudan: 2009 – 2012

Innovation: Offering forecasting of conflict events with commodity prices.

Key Learning: It is possible to forecast conflict events using commodity data, however “big events” are harder to predict.

This research considers univariate and multivariate models to forecast monthly conflict events in Sudan over the out-of-sample period 2009 – 2012. The models used to generate these forecasts were based on a specification from a machine learning algorithm fit to 2000 – 2008 monthly data. The idea here is for policy purposes we need models that can forecast conflict events before they occur. The model that includes previous month’s wheat price perform better than a similar model which does not include past wheat prices (the univariate model). Both models did not perform well in forecasting conflict in a neighborhood of the 2012 “Heglig Crisis”. Such a result is generic, as an “outlier or unusual events” are hard for models and policy experts to forecast.

The Impact of Conflict Induced Exclusion on Entitlement of Food: Evidence From Rural Liberia

Innovation: Our study aims to forward UNHCR’s initiative to rehabilitate returning refugees in a post conflict zone.

Key Learning: An efficient rehabilitation process for returning refugees that addresses social, emotional and technical integration will result in food entitlement.

This paper is a unique attempt to discover the impact exile duration on the most basic human necessity: food entitlement. We argue that exile from society followed by reintegration attempts will create mental and physical trauma, emotional distress, cultural shock, depletion of technical skills, political oppression, loss of social cohesion and articulation. We use survey data conditioned upon levels of conflict and propensity of migration from rural households in Liberian villages. Our findings suggest that accounting for household demographics, farm size, attributes, income, and exclusion duration increases the probability of food entitlement failure.

Analysis of Afghanistan’s Strategic Grain Reserve Proposal

Innovation: Emergency grain reserve and associated policies to reduce grain price volatility in Afghanistan.

Key Learning: There is no single policy that will solve Afghanistan’s food security problem. An emergency grain reserve would only improve food security if it is part of a broader strategy to increase domestic production and private storage. An operational reserve and MGP would hinder development of a robust grain market in Afghanistan by increasing price volatility.

In 2015 the Afghan Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, and Livestock (MAIL) proposed to construct a 400,000 ton Strategic Grain Reserve (SGR) comprising an emergency reserve and an operational reserve. MAIL would use the emergency reserve to distribute wheat to vulnerable groups during major grain market disruptions. MAIL would use the operational reserve to dampen price volatility and support the Minimum Guaranteed Price (MGP) program by making large wheat purchases when domestic wheat prices are low. The proposed SGR would have cost $500 million over the first five years, which included the cost of building storage facilities, purchasing grain, and managing the reserve. ConDev recommended eliminating the large operational component of the reserve and establishing only the emergency reserve capable of providing wheat for one month to the food insecure population. This would require an 118,000 ton wheat reserve—a 70 percent reduction from the proposed reserve size. Building and maintaining a large operational reserve would increase price volatility and destabilize the domestic wheat market.

ConDev further recommended the Ministry explore other policies to lower price volatility in the domestic wheat market, such as:

A.) Incentivizing storage, by introducing a warehouse receipt system for use of currently available silos, and/or distributing self-storage materials, like PICS bags.

B.) Improving forecasts to facilitate private sector imports and storage when shortfalls are expected, and private sector storage and exports when surpluses are expected.

C.) Increasing productivity by investing in improved technology to increase wheat yields.

Explaining Cropping Systems under Extreme Uncertainty: Evidence from Conflict-Prone North Kivu, DR Congo

Innovation: Explore whether crop choices in conflict-prone societies can be explained through coping mechanisms from conflict, social empowerment and access to markets.

Key Learning: Our results will show that if uncertainties originate from conflict, they can be mediated through specific socioeconomic arrangements.

Through the BPCC project, the Conflict and Development Foundation (CDF) aims to identify long-term sustainable and financially profitable farming practices that reduce likelihood of conflict over land. The premise for this study is that current cocoa and coffee cultivation techniques are likely not sustainable without large inputs of inorganic fertilizer and erosion of the local and natural resource base. CDF conducted a survey of cocoa and coffee producing farmers in North Kivu in the Fall season of 2014. SAL helped design the survey and randomize the villages and sample population. We facilitated a grid based randomization technique to select approximately 1,700-2,500 farmers to take part in the survey. CDF constructed primary database includes farmers’ demographic information, agricultural inputs available to them, services available to them from the governments and NGOs, and information on interactions between farmers, buyers, and landowners as well as crop information.

Much of the literature on developing countries has investigated ways in which farming households choose different cropping systems to hedge against uncertainty. With data gathered through the BPCC project, in this paper we test whether cropping decisions of small stakeholder farmers living in the conflict prone agrarian province of North Kivu can be explained by the level of exposure to conflict, social empowerment and market access. We further investigate if social empowerment and contracts or guaranty from buyers through market access can partially act as a buffer against the uncertainty brought upon by conflict. This paper can contribute to the literature of choices made by farming households in two important ways. First, we explore whether crop choices in conflict prone societies can be explained through coping mechanisms from conflict, social empowerment and access to markets. Furthermore, our results will show if uncertainties originating from conflict can be mediated through specific socioeconomic arrangements.

The Effects of Cell Phones and Radios on Smallholder Farmer Decision Making: Evidence from the Democratic Republic

of the Congo

Innovation: Investigate the decision-making process of smallholder farmers in conflict-affected areas according to their access to technology.

Key Learning: There is no impact of cell phone access or usage on conflict perceptions.

Through information gathered from the BPCC survey, we investigate the decision making process of smallholder framers in conflict affected areas by their access to technology. Smallholder farmers choose between cash crops and food staples. Cash crops incur more risk compared to subsistence farming because of violence and violence’s effect on market access and volatility. Specifically, we investigate the role of technology (cell phones and radio) on individual’s crop choice as a function of perceptions of violence. We use original data collected from 2,260 farmers in the Democratic Republic of Congo’s North Kivu region. For perception and propensity to engage in conflict we use the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project household data. We control for demographic, social and economic factors of individual households. We also estimate area/groupement specific effects. Contrary to neo-social media theories, we do not find any impact of cell phone access or usage on conflict perceptions and/or engagement. The study’s implications are significant for fragile states that experience high levels of violence. The free transmission of information through radio access provides opportunities for governments and other actors to identify when violence arises.

Enhancing Livelihood and Incomes of Rural Women through Post-harvest Technology in Guatemala

Innovation: Technology offering employment opportunities for women in rural Guatemala.

Key Learning: Women who earn income have more decision-making power in their home and are less likely to experience household conflict.

The Asociación de Desarrollo Integral Pueblos Hermanos (ADIPH), a non-profit organization in Guatemala, is conducting work on modified atmospheric packaging (MAP) technologies and providing these for fruit and vegetable packaging centers via the Transformative Solutions Program. The establishment of these centers has provided employment opportunities for rural women throughout Guatemala. We have partnered with (ADIPH) to design a survey that will assess the effects of female employment on their family and social dynamics. The baseline survey is almost complete and the data is being prepared by our partners for analysis with SAL. With the results of this survey, we hope to investigate how this employment may improve education, health, and security of households. More importantly, it will provide evidence to the importance of providing employment opportunities for women in rural Guatemala. Technologies such as MAP allow women to be better trained for the workforce and increase their chances of finding employment opportunities.

The Negative Consequences of School Bullying on Academic Performance and Mitigation Through Female Teacher Participation: Evidence from Ghana

Innovation: Studying the effects of having a female teacher and how it may mitigate the consequences of bullying on academic achievement.

Key Learning: The negative effects of bullying on academic achievement are significantly mitigated with the presence of a female teacher in the classroom.

Exploiting data from Ghanaian schools’ eighth grade students collected in 2011, we estimate the causal effects of school bullying on academic achievement by using propensity score matching and a doubly robust estimator approach. We find that students who have been victimized by bullying score at least 0.22 standard deviation lower than that of their peers in a standardized mathematics examination. Meanwhile, we document the effects of bullying on students is significantly mediated by the presence of a female teacher in the classroom. These results have held through sets of robustness tests and hence, we recommend teacher gender specific programs to mitigate the adverse impact of bullying.

Special Operations Contracting: 21st Century Approaches for Service and Technology Acquisition

Innovation: Assessment of procurement of technology and services from the private sector for U.S. Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) and evaluation of alternative processes and policies.

Key Learning: a) Private sector procurement generates tensions between buyers and sellers; (b) firms that offer goods and services face barriers to entry; and, (c) the relatively small budgets of USSOCOM compared to other Department of Defense units limits the acquisition of revolutionary technologies.

The monograph uses a multi-method approach to examine USSOCOM’s acquisition and procurement procedures. Quantitative methods are used to examine big picture procurement patterns and trends; and qualitative analysis illuminates key features of the procurement process as viewed by stakeholders.

The Impact of Slave Trade on Current Civil Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa

Innovation: Understanding and discovering causal relationship between ancient slave trade and current civil conflict of Sub-Saharan Africa.

Key Learning: Slave trades 500 years ago shaped current institutions and sowed seeds of mistrust thereby causing civil conflict of present Sub-Saharan Africa.

Although the causes of armed conflict in Africa have been well studied, it remains important to explore the long-run effects of slave trade on contemporary civil conflict. By using a geo-coded disaggregated dataset in Sub-Saharan Africa and exploiting variation of slave trade intensity within countries, we find a robust positive relationship between slave exports from a region and current conflict prevalence. Evidence from an instrumental variable approach suggests that the relationship is causal. We then investigate the potential causal channels underlying this relationship, finding that slave trade is correlated with mistrust, local institution deterioration, and a weaker sense of national identity.

Historical and Geographical Pathways of Civil Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Exploration through Growing Season, Weather Shock and Slave Trade

Innovation: Discovering the historical and geographical roots of conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa across multiple facets.

Key Learning: Conflict trends in Sub-Saharan Africa are jointly determined by its historical roots and current climate shocks.

This study investigates how slave trade in history affects the relationship between weather shock and civil conflict. We construct a unique cell-level disaggregated dataset by using geo-coded information within a set of sub-Saharan African countries over 1997 – 2014. Exploiting weather variation during the growing season of the locally dominant crops, we find that (i) adverse weather shock significantly increase the likelihood of conflict incidence, onset, and intensity; (ii) this effect of weather shock on the risk of civil conflict is substantially amplified by the exposure to slave trade. The interactive effect of whether shock and slave trade remain robust to the use of instrumental variable approach and extensive robustness checks. Our study suggests that both geography and history (for instance, the interaction between climate and exposure to the slave trade) affect the current political outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa and agricultural development may be effective in reducing conflict in the region.

Economic Shocks, Governance and Violence: A Subnational Level Analysis of Africa

Innovation: Studied geo-coded disaggregated data on Sub-Saharan Africa. We discovered how jurisdiction of governance and economic development can affect conflict.

Key Learning: Administrative decentralization along with steady economic development can reduce conflict shocks in Sub-Saharan Africa.

By using a geo-coded disaggregated dataset in Sub-Saharan Africa over 1997 – 2013, we exploit rainfall variation as instruments to estimate the causal effect of economic shocks on conflict conditional to the governance quality. We confirm some earlier findings and show some novel results. Adverse economic shocks increase the conflict risk in Sub-Saharan Africa, however, improvements in governance quality can effectively mitigate the detrimental effect of such shocks on regional peace. Yet, due to the limited penetration of countrywide governance structures, this effect appears strong only in the areas close to capital cities but decays in the remote areas.

Other Publications, Reports and Seminars

BOOK CHAPTER

Price, E., King, J., & Whitney, K. (2015). Agricultural Extension in Iraq, 2003-2012: Perspectives of US Partnerships during Conflict in Building Agricultural Extension Capacity in Post-Conflict Settings, accepted for publication by Center for Agriculture and Biosciences International (CABI). Oxfordshire, UK.

PEER-REVIEWED MONOGRAPHS AND BOOKLETS

Kibriya, S., Tkach, B., Ahn, J.*, Valdez Gonzalez, N.*, Xu, Z.*, & Zhang, Y.* (2016). The effects of school-related gender-based violence on academic performance: Evidence from Botswana, Ghana, and South Africa. Publisher: USAID. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PBAAE489.pdf

Kibriya et al. The Effects of School Safety on Academic Achievement: Evidence from Rwanda, Tanzania and Zambia. College Station, Texas: U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), 2018. Print. ISBN: 978-1-7324483-0-8 (paperback). https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVG.pdf

Tkach, B. nd. (2016) Special Operations Contacting: 21st Century Approaches for Service and Technology Acquisition. Joint Special Operations University Press. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH12.pdf

PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL PUBLICATIONS

Barlow, S., Chen, Z., Finnegan, G., Furaha, B., Pichanik, B., Stadler, C., Swensen, J., Ruyle, L.E., & Gawande, K. (2015). Prevalence of Child Malnutrition in North Kivu, DRC: Evidence from Bunyuka Parish. Development Journal of the South. 1(1): 24-42. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVQ.pdf

Bessler, D. A., Kibriya, S., Chen, J.*, & Price, E. (2016). On Forecasting Conflict in the Sudan: 2009–2012. Journal of Forecasting, 35(2), 179-188. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH3N.pdf

Davies, B.*, Boa, K., Aitkenhead-Peterson, J., Pitts, L., & Payne, W. (2014). Agro- ecosystem, Tillage, and Cropping Effects on Extractable Soil Nitrogen and Organic Carbon in Ghana. Journal of Arid Land Studies, 24(1), 203-207. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH37.pdf

Fuhrmann, M., & Tkach, B. (2015). Almost nuclear: introducing the nuclear latency dataset. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 32(4), 443-461. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVX.pdf

Gottlieb, J. (2017). Explaining Variation in Broker Strategies: A Lab-in-the-Field Experiment in Senegal. Comparative Political Studies, 0010414017695336. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TNZ1.pdf

Kibriya, S., Price, E. C., King, J. N., & Partida, V. (2014). Conflict resistant agribusiness in Democratic Republic of the Congo, International Food and Agribusiness Management Review: Special Issue African Agribusiness on the Move, 17(B). https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH3D.pdf

Kibriya, Shahriar, Graham Savio, Edwin Price, & Joseph King. (2016). The Role of Conflict in Farmers’ Crop Choices in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 19(3). Runner Up Best Article. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH3R.pdf

Kibriya, S., Xu, Z. P.*, & Zhang, Y*. (2017). The negative consequences of school bullying on academic performance and mitigation through female teacher participation: evidence from Ghana. Applied Economics, 49(25), 1-11. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TNZ2.pdf

Koch, M., & Tkach, B. (2012). Deterring or Mobilizing? The Influence of Government Partisanship and Force on the Frequency, Lethality and Suicide Attacks of Terror Events. Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy, 18(2). https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGZQ.pdf

Li, Y, Palma, M. A., & Xu, Z. P.*. (2017). Impacts of playing after school on academic performance: a propensity score matching approach. Education Economics, 1-15. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TNZ3.pdf

Price, E., Kibriya, S., & Yu, Z.*. (2013). The dilemma of biodiversity and specialization in agricultural development. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 5(5), 168-173. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH35.pdf

Xu, Z. P.*, & Palma, M. A. (2016). Consequential egalitarianism vs. accountability principle: an experimental investigation. Applied Economics Letters, (23)8, 562-565. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TNZ4.pdf

Zhang, Y., Palma, M. A., & Xu, Z. P.* (2016). Unintended effects of the Alabama HB 56 immigration law on crime: A preliminary analysis. Economics Letters, 147, 68-71. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH14.pdf

PEER-REVIEWED CONFERENCE PUBLICATIONS AND PROCEEDINGS

Kibriya, S., Zhang, Y.*, Bessler, D. & Price, E. (2016). How wealth of nations interact with aid and peace: A time and country variant analysis. No. 235859. Agricultural and Applied Economics Association. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVZ.pdf

Kibriya, S., Xu, Z. P.*, & Zhang, Y.* (2015) Economic shocks, governance and violence: A subnational level analysis of Africa. 2015 AAEA & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, July 26-28, San Francisco, California. No. 205321. Agricultural and Applied Economics Association & Western Agricultural Economics Association. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVV.pdf

Sen Gupta, R., Kibriya, S., & Price, E. (2011). Estimating Cost of Conflict and Increasing Food Security in Southern Sudan. Publication by the American Agricultural Economics Association. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH3F.pdf

Zhang, Y.*, & Kibriya, S. The Impact of Slave Trade on Current Civil Conflict in Sub- Saharan Africa. (2016). 2016 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, 2016, Boston, Massachusetts. No. 236202. Agricultural and Applied Economics Association. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH13.pdf

UNDER REVIEW AND FORTHCOMING ARTICLES

Baker, E., Ruyle, L., & Savio, G. (2017). Powering Development: Mini- Hydroelectrification in North Kivu, the Democratic Republic of Congo. Conflict Trends, (1), forthcoming. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH33.pdf

Fatema, N, & Kibriya, S. (2017). Givers of great dinners know few enemies: The impact of household food security on micro-level communal conflict in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Conditional Acceptance in World Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH3K.pdf

Kibriya, S., Xu, Z. P.*, & Zhang, Y.*. Limited Penetration of Governance and Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa. Under review in World Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGZT.pdf

Kibriya, S., Zhang, Y.*, & Price, E. Can World Peace be built on Empty Stomachs. Under Review in Development Policy Review. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH39.pdf

Kibriya, S., Xu, Z. P., & Ghimire, N. The impact of conflict induced exile on entitlement of food: Evidence from rural Liberia. Under Review in Journal of Refugee Studies. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH3P.pdf

Kibriya, S., Xu, Z. P.*, & Zhang, Y.*. Which is the most relevant instrument? Comparing measures of rainfall shock. Under Review in Economic Bulletin

Kibriya, S., Zhang, Y.*, & Anton-Erxleben, K. Bullying as the main driver of low performance in schools: Evidence from Botswana, Ghana, and South Africa. Under review in Child Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVN.pdf

Zhang, Y.*, & Kibriya, S. The Impact of Slave Trade on Current Civil Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa. Under Review in Journal of Development Economics. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH13.pdf

WHITE PAPERS

Kibriya, Shahriar, Tkach Benjamin, Bessler, David, Findley, Mike, and Weaver, Catherine. Dynamics of Subnational Level Food Security and Violent Conflict: A Micro Level Geo-Coded Approach to Peace Building. May, 2014.

Kibriya, Shahriar, Tkach, Benjamin, Bessler, David, and Price, Edwin. Food Shocks, Social Responses, and Conflict: Causal Structures and Forecasts, November, 2015.

King, J. N. (2014). Tanzania wheat value chain and intellectual property: A case study concept. Report for the United Nations World Intellectual Property Organization.

Price, Edwin, Kibriya, Shahriar and Bessler, David. “A Farewell to Arms: Measuring the cost to end conflict.” November, 2012.

Price, Edwin, Kibriya, Shahriar, and Bessler, David. “Causal Structures of Conflict, Poverty, Grievances and Socio-Political Stability.” November, 2012.

Stevens, R., Price, E., Bessler, D., & Prendergast, K. (2016). Analysis of Afghanistan’s strategic grain reserve proposal: prepared for Mike Martin, Director, Office of Agriculture. condev.org/sgr. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PBAAF354.pdf

CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS, POSTERS & ABSTRACTS

Boadu, F. (2014). “The community-driven land rights program.” Trimble Dimensions Conference. Presentation. Las Vegas, NV.

Chatterjee, A., Kibriya. S., & Price, E. C. (2010). “Leadership in conflict zones.” Conference paper and Invited Workshop Session. National Collegiate Leadership Conference, University of Arizona. February 16, 2010. Tucson, AZ.

Davies, B., Boa, K., & Aitkenhead-Peterson, J. (2014). Agro-ecosystem, tillage, and cropping effects on extractable soil nitrogen and organic carbon in Ghana. Desert Technology International Conference. Journal of Arid Land Studies, 24(1), 203-207

Fatema, N., & Kibriya, S. (2015). “Explaining cropping choices under extreme uncertainty: Evidence from conflict prone North Kivu, DR Congo.” Poster. Agricultural and Applied Economics Association and Western Agricultural Economics Association Joint Annual Meeting. July 26-28, 2015. San Francisco, CA. condev.org/sal-projects. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH3G.pdf

Gupta, R. S., Kibriya, S. R., & Price, E. C. (2011). “Estimating cost of conflict and increasing food security in southern Sudan.” In 2011 Annual Meeting, July 24- 26, 2011, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (No. 104003). Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.

Kibriya, S., Chatterjee. A., & Price, E. C. (2010). “Civil military partnership in Iraq.” Conference paper and Invited Workshop Session. International Leadership Conference. May 17, 2010. Boston, MA.

Kibriya, S. & Price, E. C. (2011). Civil military partnerships in conflict zones. Presentation. AIARD Conference. Washington, DC.

Kibriya, S., & Price, E. C. (2010). “Status and prospects of the Green Revolution.” Presentation. International Agribusiness Management Association, Annual Meeting. June 21, 2010. Boston, MA.

Kibriya, S., Price, E. C., & Bessler, D. (2013). “Urban poverty, rural poverty, and income inequality: The case study of pre-reform India.” 2013 Mid-Continent Regional Science Association 44th Annual Conference, Runners Up in Best Paper Competition. Missouri, USA.

Kibriya, S., Tkach. B., Price, E., Bessler. D., Findley, M., & Weaver, C. (2014). Dynamics of subnational level food security and violent conflict: A micro level geo- coded approach to peace building. White Paper prepared for Minerva Research Initiative.

Kibriya, S., Xu, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2015). The impact of bullying on educational performance in Ghana: A Bias-reducing Matching Approach (No. 205409). Presentation. Agricultural and Applied Economics Association. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVR.pdf

King, J. N. (2014). Improvement of the Rwanda pyrethrum value chain: Technology transfer and market-driven incentives for farmer cooperatives. Poster. International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. Cape Town, South Africa.

King, J. N. (2014). “Intellectual property and institutional innovation for agricultural development: Models for wheat value chain in Tanzania.” Abstr. Wageningen International Chain and Network Management Conference. Anacapri, Italy.

King, J. N. (2014). “Intellectual property and institutional innovation for value chains in Africa: Models for wheat in Tanzania.” Abstr. International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. Cape Town, South Africa.

King, J. N., Finnegan, G., Savio, G., & Price, E. C. (2013). “Conflict resistant crops: Identifying crops and cropping systems for targeted agricultural Development in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.” Abstr. 30th Association for International Agricultural Extension and Education Conference. Miami, Florida.

King, J. N., & Price, E. C. (2014). “Conflict resistant agribusiness in Democratic Republic of the Congo.” Panel. International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. Cape Town, South Africa.

King, J. N., Price, E. C., & Mulder, C. (2014). “Crossways Farm Village and rural economic integration strategies for South Africa.” Abstr. International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. Cape Town, South Africa.

Price, E. C. & Kibriya. S. (2010). “Global outreach of Texas A&M AgriLife: Agricultural development in conflict laden Asia.” Presentation and Conference Paper. International Agribusiness Management Association, Annual Meeting. Boston, MA.

Price, E. C., Kibriya, S., & Bessler. D. (2012). "Causal structures of conflict, poverty, grievances and socio-political stability." White paper prepared for Minerva Research Initiative.

Price, E. C., Kibriya. S., & Bessler. D. (2012) “A farewell to arms: Measuring the cost to end conflict.” White paper prepared for Minerva Research Initiative.

Price, E. C., King, J. N., & Kibriya, S. (2014). “Building agriculture value chains in conflict prone environments: Iraq and Democratic Republic of Congo.” Abstr. Wageningen International Chain and Network Management Conference. Anacapri, Italy.

Ruyle, L. (2015). “Community Conservation in Ghana, West Africa.” Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. November 2015. College Station, TX.

Ruyle, L. (2015). “Conservation and Development in a Conflict Zone: Threats and Strategies in the Albertine Graben.” University of California, Los Angeles, The Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. May 2015. Los Angeles, CA.

Ruyle, L. (2013). “Higher Education Solutions Network - An Innovating Partnership for International Development.” Panel Discussion. Association of Public and Land-grant Universities “Transforming Higher Education." November 2013. Washington, DC.

Tkach, B. (2014). “Almost nuclear: Introducing the nuclear latency dataset.” Presentation. Department of Energy MPACT Annual Meeting. San Diego, CA.

Tkach, B. (2014). “Information as behavior check: Firm transparency and conflict outcomes.” Presentation. Midwest Political Science Association Annual Meeting. Chicago, IL.

Tkach, B. (2014). “Private security firms and the Iraq War.” Presentation. Strategy and Security Institute, College of Social Science and International Studies. University of Exeter, United Kingdom.

Tkach, B. (2013). “MBA’s go to War: Competition in the private security market and conflict outcomes.” Presentation. International Studies Association ISSS-ISAC Joint Annual Conference. Washington, DC.

CONDEV PUBLICATIONS & REPORTS

Barlow, S., Chen, Z., Finnegan, G., Furaha, B. P., Pichanick, B., Stadler, C., Swensen, J., & Gawande, K. (2014). “Combatting child malnutrition: How effective are nutritional treatments in Eastern DRC?” ConDev Research Report. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVP.pdf

Barlow, S., Chen, Z., Finnegan, G., Furaha, B. P., Pichanick, B., Stadler, C., Swensen, J., & Gawande, K. (2014). “Child malnutrition in Bunyuka Parish, Democratic Republic of the Congo.” ConDev Research Report. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVQ.pdf

Barrett, Z., Berrios, A., He, Y., Larsen, S., Novoa, M., Twumasi-Ankrah, K., Vega, C., & Mu, R. (2015). “Youth employment in Ghana: Conditions and determinants.” ConDev Research Report. Bush School Capstone. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVM.pdf

Bessler, D. A., Kibriya, S., Chen, J., & Price, E. C. (2014). “On forecasting conflict in the Sudan: 2009 – 2012.” ConDev Research Report. condev.org/sal-projects. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH3N.pdf

Chen, J., Kibriya, S., Bessler, D., and Price, E. (2015). “A Causal Exploration of Conflict Events and Commodity Prices of Sudan”. United States Agency for International Development and Center on Conflict and Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00WP1F.pdf

Chen, Z., Finnegan, G., Hobson, D., Pinzon, D., & Vander Hey, G. (2014). “CEFADES: An impact evaluation of a vocational and rehabilitation program for at-risk youth in Eastern DRC.” ConDev Research Report. condev.org/cefades. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVK.pdf

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). Ecoexist Botswana 2014 Annual Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). South Kivu Coffee 2014 Interim Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). Virunga Coordinator 2014 Final Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). Center for No-Till Agriculture 2014 Interim Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). Center for No-Till Agriculture 2014 Annual Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). HESN Match 2014 Interim Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). HESN Match 2014 Annual Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). DRC Endowment 2014 Interim Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). DRC Endowment 2014 Annual Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). North Kivu Soils 2014 Interim Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). No-Till Farmer Survey of Ghana 2014 Annual Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Conflict and Development Foundation (2014). Soil Fertility of Ghana 2014 Final Report. A report for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Texas, USA.

Gordon, G. (2015). “Payment and Predation: The Politics of Wages and Violence in the Congolese Army.” White Paper. condev.org/payment-and-predation. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGZW.pdf

Hale, A. (2011). “South Sudan Maize Production Cost and Agricultural Labor Analysis”. The Borlaug Institute for International Agriculture, The Howard G. Buffet Foundation, World Food Program Purchase for Progress, and Center on Conflict and Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00WNXP.pdf

Kenney, J., Kenney, M., and Price, E. (2011). “Sierra Leone Rice Production Cost Analysis Purchase for Progress” The Borlaug Institute for International Agriculture, The Howard G. Buffet Foundation, World Food Program Purchase for Progress, and Center on Conflict and Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00WP2X.pdf

Kibriya, S. (2011). “Aid and peace: A critique of foreign assistance, conflict and development.” Doctoral dissertation. Texas A&M University, Texas, USA. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGVW.pdf

Kibriya. S., & Price, E. C. (2013). “Food security and agricultural production of rural Ghana.” ConDev Research Report.

Kibriya. S., Price, E. C., & Ishdorj. A. (2013). “Food security and agricultural production of rural Senegal.” ConDev Research Report.

Kibriya. S., Price, E. C., & Boadu. F. (2013). “Food security, agricultural production and conflict of rural Liberia.” ConDev Research Report

Kibriya, S., Xu, Z., & Ghimire’, N. (2014). “The impact of conflict induced exile of entitlement of food: Evidence from rural Liberia.” ConDev Research Report. condev.org/sal-projects. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH3P.pdf

King, J. N. (2014). “Alternative value capture systems for improved wheat variety intellectual property for increased access by Tanzanian smallholder emerging farmers: A case study.” Dissertation. College Station, Texas. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH38.pdf

King, J. N. (2013). “Rwanda Pyrethrum value chain: A case.” Abstr. Conflict and Development.

King, J. N., Baker, T. J., & Baker, P. J. (2013). “Conflict dynamics framework for rural development: Food security, resource management, and biodiversity conservation in Angola’s Upper Okavango Basin.” Abstr. Conflict and Development.

King, J. N., & Shinn, G. C. (2013). “Trans-institutional innovation: Another (larger) perspective on institutional innovation theory.” Abstr. Conflict and Development.

Laos, T. (2016). “Iraqi Feedlot Production: Producing High-Quality Meat in the Wake of ISIS.” ConDev Trip Report. condev.org/feedlot. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH3M.pdf

McKnight, T., Hale, A., and Abeygunawardena, P. (2011). “Liberia Rice Production Cost Analysis”. The Borlaug Institute for International Agriculture, The Howard G. Buffet Foundation, World Food Program Purchase for Progress, and Center on Conflict and Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00WP12.pdf

Price, E. C., Kibriya, S., & Mohammed, M. (2012). “Agribusiness development in Kurdistan, Iraq: Factors in post conflict recovery.” ConDev Research Report.

Ruyle, L. & Prendergast, K. (2016). “Human-Elephant Conflict Workshop in Botswana.” ConDev Field Report. condev.org/Botswana. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH31.pdf

POLICY BRIEFS

Alsawfta, N., Andreasen, R., Cofield, T., Marais, T., Miller, C., Montaño, D., Wassenberg, K., Weirich, S., and Hamie, C. (2020). “Sharing Lessons from the Hajati Cash Transfer Program in Jordan”. Policy Brief. Bush School of Government and Public Service Capstone Project. Sponsored by: Center on Conflict and Development at Texas A&M University and United States Agency for International Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00WKZB.pdf

Barrera, K., Fowler, N., Janes, C., Svojsik, S., & Gottlieb, J. (2015). “Information and Voter Evaluation of Legislators in a Clientelistic Democracy: A Field Experiment in Benin.” Policy Brief. Bush School of Government and Public Service Capstone Project Capstone. Sponsored by: Center on Conflict and Development at Texas A&M University and United States Agency for International Development.

Brewer, L., Crowder, L., Lee, M., Mikayilov, E., Nepal, S., Perl, A., Hardin Tanguay, B., & Wendelbo, M. with Mu, R. and Ruyle, L. (2016). “The Impact of Conflict on Natural Disaster Resilience: Evidence from Nepal.” Policy Brief. Bush School of Government and Public Service Capstone Project. Sponsored by: Center on Conflict and Development at Texas A&M University and United States Agency for International Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH36.pdf

Brewer, L., Crowder, L., Lee, M., Mikayilov, E., Nepal, S., Perl, A., Hardin Tanguay, B., & Wendelbo, M. with Mu, R. and Ruyle, L. (2016). “The Impact of Natural Disasters on Child Education Outcomes: Evidence from Nepal”. Policy Brief. Bush School of Government and Public Service Capstone Project. Sponsored by: Center on Conflict and Development at Texas A&M University and United States Agency for International Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH32.pdf

Carlos F., Jaloway, K., Jones, A., Mason, M., Shtepani, C., Shuler, M., Spiva, R., Ward, J., with Drs. Silva Hamie and Leslie Ruyle. (2016). “NGOs in Jordan and the Response to the Syrian Refugee Crisis.” Policy Brief. Bush School of Government and Public Service Capstone Project. Sponsored by: Center on Conflict and Development at Texas A&M University and United States Agency for International Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGZX.pdf

Jones, G., Kibriya, S., and Price, E. (2019). Based upon the PhD dissertation of Yu Zhang, Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University, “The Long-Run Effects of Slave Trade on Civil Conflict in Sub Saharan Africa,” in “Three Essays on Civil Conflict”, 2017. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TQSJ.pdf

Jones, G., Kibriya, S., and Price, E. (2019). Based upon the PhD dissertation of Yu Zhang, Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University, “Weather Shock, Slave Trade and Conflict: Evidence from Sub Saharan Africa,” in “Three Essays on Civil Conflict”, 2017. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TQSM.pdf

Jones, G., and Kibriya, S. (2018). "The Effects of School Safety on Academic Achievement". United States Agency for International Development and Center on Conflict and Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TP9K.pdf

Jones, G., and Payne, M. (2020). "Explaining Cropping Choices Under Extreme Uncertainty". United States Agency for International Development and Center on Conflict and Development at Texas A&M University. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00WJF3.pdf

Roman, J. (2017). "Reducing Violence and Gang Involvement through Hydroponic Gardening in El Salvador". Center on Conflict and Development at Texas A&M University. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00WF3S.pdf

Roman, J. (2017). "Learn, Grow, Eat, Go: Promoting Teamwork, Inclusion and Reducing Bullying Behaviors in Kids Through a Garden-Based Education Program in El Tejar, Guatemala". Center on Conflict and Development at Texas A&M University and Conflict and Development Foundation. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00WF3T.pdf

CONDEV PRESENTATIONS

ConDev Youtube Page: https://www.youtube.com/user/ConDevCenter

Afolabi, I. (2016). “Nigeria: Boko hazards.” Student Media Grant Slideshow. Presented in USA, Rwanda and Democratic Republic of the Congo. https://youtu.be/wKUrrtFixj4

AgriCorps (2015). “John Romo Sub-Chief Ceremony.” Video. Adarkwa, Ghana. https://youtu.be/ByvBE1Od2YU

Barlow, S., Chen, Z., Hobson, D., Pichanick, B., Pinzon, D., Stadler, C., Swensen, J., & Vander Hey, G. (2014). “Bush School Capstone: Impact of interventions on child malnutrition and youth unemployment on eastern Congo.” Bush School Capstone Presentation. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/WwTOGhtwhVQ

Brinkeley, P. (2014). “War front to store front.” ConDev Lecture Series. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/mAeHLXFxUEM

Brown, T. (2017). “Coffee in Guatemala.” Texas Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. . condev.org/coffee-guatemala. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH3B.pdf

Chaix, K. (2014). “Virunga Alliance and Virunga National Park.” Special Presentation during the Virunga Documentary Screening.

Chen, J. (2016). “Climate as a Cause of Conflict: An Econometric Analysis.” Presentation. AGEC 489/689: Food Security, Climate and Conflict. Texas A&M University. March 10, 2016. College Station, TX.

Chen, W. (2013). “Impacts of Environmental, Social and Economic Factors on Rural Household Income in Xiln Gol, Inner Mongolia” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/U7LV73XC4do

Cranfield, M. (2013). “A One Health Approach to Gorilla Conservation.” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar. Texas A&M University. November 6, 2013. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/ASj8U6Cz6R0

Croft, G., & L’Archeveque, M. (2014). “USAID career panel.” ConDev Lecture Series. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/eVXkqxLT1jQ

Davies, K. (2014). “Purchase for Progress with Ken Davies.” ConDev Lecture Series. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/uktKgm5xtjM

Dehgan, A. (2013). “Next Generation National Security.” ConDev Lecture Series. https://youtu.be/z6uXjiHt1Ws

Dièry, P. S. (2014). “Innovation in nutrition-led agriculture in Africa.” ConDev Lecture Series. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/2vTdTOyTb2o

Dykstra, A. (2014). “Putao constellation: Community driven development.” TechCon Innovation Marketplace Presentation. San Francisco, CA.

Findley, M. (2013). “The Local Geography of Transnational Terrorist Attacks.” ConDev Lecture Series. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/K8iRzdncgnc

Fjeldsted, J. (2014). “Accounting for rebels.” TechCon Innovation Marketplace Presentation. San Francisco, CA.

Frazer, J. (2013). “A road map to sustainable peace in the DRC.” ConDev Lecture Series. Texas A&M University. June 17, 2013. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/_Vv5Pch0atc

Frazer, J. (2014). “Discussions on African development and the Congo Peace Center.” ConDev Lecture Series. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX.

Gawande, K. (2014). “Combatting child malnutrition: How effective are nutritional treatments in Eastern DRC.” Graduate Student Seminar Series. Vanderbilt University.

Ghoshal, A. (2016). “Bangladesh and India: Human-Wildlife Conflict in the Sundarbans.” Student Media Grant Slideshow. Presented in USA, Rwanda and Democratic Republic of the Congo. https://youtu.be/o2yyUl_smGE

Gilbert, J. (2016). “Peru: Land use in protected areas.” Student Media Grant Slideshow. Presented in USA, Rwanda and Democratic Republic of the Congo. https://youtu.be/ruZkhkqjk0c

Gottlieb, J. (2013). “Why Women Participate Less in Civic Activity: Evidence from Mali.” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/j07Vr1eXWmE

Habiyaremye, C. (2016). “A Dream Shaped By Adversity: Rwandan Genocide Survivor to PhD Student.” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar. Texas A&M University. March 24, 2016. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/d2ecykOZi3k

Hale, A. (2016). “Training FARDC soldiers to farm in Kisangani, DRC.” Presentation. AGEC 489/689: Food Security, Climate and Conflict. Texas A&M University. March 3, 2016. College Station, TX.

Ishaq, M. (2016). “Polio Eradication and Security in Afghanistan.” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar by Rotary’s National PolioPlus Chair for Afghanistan. Texas A&M University. January 25, 2016. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/-lORImUiCn8

Juárez-Sánchez, D. (2016). “Haiti: Rural food security through a woman’s lens.” Student Media Grant Slideshow. Presented in USA, Rwanda and Democratic Republic of the Congo. https://youtu.be/wYZSQtUhrBA

Juncker, M. (2014). “Utilizing and strengthening the local community for optimal HIV/AIDS programming: Experiences from working in Asia and Africa.” ConDev Lecture Series. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX.

Katju, D. J. (2016). “India: Ethnic Conflict and Forest Governance in Assam.” Student Media Grant Slideshow. Presented in USA, Rwanda and Democratic Republic of the Congo. https://youtu.be/fbyr3Bt2WuE

Kibriya, S. (2014). “Agricultural economics and development.” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX.

King, J. N. (2014). “Integrated Strategic Development Framework (ISDF) Youth Competition” with Chris Mulder Associations, Incorporated (CMAI) and Knysna Municipality Framework. Video. Knysna, South Africa. https://youtu.be/EAbXf3bdFg4

Krupar, A. (2016). “Kenya: Learning Empowerment as a Refugee.” Student Media Grant Slideshow. Presented in USA, Rwanda and Democratic Republic of the Congo. https://youtu.be/wjJ3dtYiSB0

McVey, M. (2014). “Development in conflict zones.” ConDev Lecture Series. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX.

Mendez-Jimenez, A. (2014). “Preserving forests and cultures in a globalized world.” TechCon Innovation Marketplace Presentation. San Francisco, CA.

Nwanze, K. (2015). "The Current and Future Challenges of Sustainable Food Security" Seminar by President of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). George H.W. Bush Presidential Library, Texas A&M University. October 29, 2015. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/AerEDm8UgPE

Pearl, J. (2014). “The science of cause and effect.” ConDev Lecture Series. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX.

Petriello, M. (2014). “Natural resource conflicts in Nicaraguan forests.” TechCon Innovation Marketplace Presentation. San Francisco, CA.

Phillips, J. (2014). “South Korea and development history.” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX.

Price, E. C. (2014). “Thoughts on development and advice for young professionals.” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX.

Price, E. C. (2014). “Experiences from the field.” AgriCorps Pre-Departure Training. Grand Saline, TX.

Price, E. C. (2014). “Implications of climate change and conflict for food security and nutrition.” TechCon panel. San Francisco, CA.

Price, E. C. (2014). “Making progress with international cooperation in agriculture.” Heart to Heart TV Interview. South Korea.

Price, E. C., & Kenney, J. (2013). “Leadership in conflict and development: Working with the U.S. Agency for International Development in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and other complex environments.” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar. Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/hkoDnO7yUoI

Richie, M. & Frazer, J. (2014). “The Congo Peace Center Launch Seminar and the Training for Expert Facilitators in Community Dialogue.” Seminar.

Roman, J. (2014). “Conflict and Development Foundation in Latin America.” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX.

Ruyle, L. (2014). “Discussions with ConDev Interns.” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX.

Ruyle, L. (2014). “Engaging students in international development.” TechCon panel. San Francisco, CA.

Ruyle, L. (2014). “Novel course development.” TechCon panel. San Francisco, CA.

Sanjak, J. & Urban-Karr, J. (2014). “The Land Alliance: Technologies and institutions responding to land conflicts.” ConDev Lecture Series. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. https://youtu.be/TPawyd2m3xs

Tkach, B. (2014). “Political science and conflict and development.” ConDev Brown Bag Seminar. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX.

Vroegindewey, R. (2014). “Innovative value chain models for African agriculture.” TechCon Innovation Marketplace Presentation. San Francisco, CA. https://youtu.be/gUNmhCk9kX4

ADDITIONAL STUDENT PAPERS

Abebe, M. (2016). Protests in Ethiopia: “Why Are Ethiopians Protesting?” Student Media Grant. condev.org/protests-in-ethiopia. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH11.pdf

Alsawfta, N., Andreasen, R., Cofield, T., Marais, T., Miller, C., Montaño, D., Wassenberg, K., Weirich, S., and Hamie, C. (2020). “An Evaluation of the Hajati Cash Transfer Program”. Final Report. Bush School of Government and Public Service Capstone Project. Sponsored by: Center on Conflict and Development at Texas A&M University and United States Agency for International Development. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00WKZ8.pdf

Brewer, L., Crowder, L., Lee, M., Mikayilov, E., Nepal, S., Perl, A., Hardin Tanguay, B., & Wendelbo, M. with Mu, R. and Ruyle, L. (2016). “Conflict, Earthquakes, and School Outcomes: Two Studies on Nepal.” Final Report. Bush School Capstone. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH2X.pdf

Brown, T. (2016). “Evolutionary Strategies of Plants: C-3, C-4 and CAM.” AGEC 489/689: Food Security, Climate and Conflict. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH2Z.pdf

Carlos F., Jaloway, K., Jones, A., Mason, M., Shtepani, C., Shuler, M., Spiva, R., Ward, J., with Drs. Silva Hamie and Leslie Ruyle. (2016). “Do NGOs Deliver? The Role of NGOs in Responding to the Syrian Refugee Crisis in Jordan.” Final Report. Bush School Capstone. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGZR.pdf

Dhoubhadel, S. “Food Wars in the Context of Maoist Insurgency” (2016). AGEC 489/689: Food Security, Climate and Conflict. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. condev.org/food-wars

Gilbert, J. (2015). “Community Focused Integration and Protected Areas Management in the Huascarán Biosphere Reserve, Peru.” Applied Biodiversity Science (No. 5). Student Media Grant. condev.org/community- focused-integration. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TH2W.pdf

Maripe, Ogaufi. (2016). “Humanitarian Intervention: Vocal Dissenters and Tacit Support.” AGEC 489/689: Food Security, Climate and Conflict. Texas A&M University. College Station, TX. condev.org/intervention. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TGZS.pdf

* denotes contributions by students affiliated with ConDev

ABOUT US

The Program on Conflict and Development seeks to improve the effectiveness of development programs and policies for conflict-affected and fragile countries through multidisciplinary research and education.

The Program's work aims to reduce armed conflict, sustain families and communities during conflict, and assist states to rapidly recover from conflict.

This website is supported and maintained by the Conflict and Development Foundation - an independent 501(c)3 organization that is not part of the Texas A&M University System.

COUNTRIES

DEVELOPMENT

ConDev’s research focuses largely on mitigating conflict related to four program areas, which were hand-picked based on their potential to combat key drivers of international conflict:

This website is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development. The contents are the sole responsibility of ConDev, and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

CONTACT US

Program on Conflict and Development
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Texas A&M University

600 John Kimbrough Blvd.
411 Agriculture & Life Sciences Bldg.
2124 TAMU
College Station, TX 77843-2124

+1 (979) 458-9399
condevprogram@condev.org